RP Review (part II) - N2

First Conditional

Definition: It is used to talk about possibilities in the future.

Structure and examples:

1)      If it doesn’t rain, I will go to the beach. 2)      If I win the lottery, I will travel to Japan. 3)      If she doesn’t call us, she won’t go. If + simple present … + simple future (will)

Note: the order of the sentences may change!

Example: I will go to the beach if it doesn’t rain.

Exercises: blog and internet exercises

Second Conditional

Definition: It is used to talk about unlikely and imaginary situations in the past or the present.

Structure and examples:

1)      If it didn’t rain, I would go to the beach. 2)      If I won the lottery, I would travel to Japan. 3)      If I were you, I would call him If + simple past … + would + verb

Note1: The order of the sentences may change!

Example: I would go to the beach if it didn’t rain.

Note2: In the conditional sentences, the verb “to be” in the past is used as “were”. See example 3: “If I were you, I would call him”

Exercises: W17, n 5,6,7 and 8

Third Conditional

Definition: It is used to talk about imaginary events in the past that didn’t happen.

Structure and examples:

If it hadn’t rained, I would have gone to the beach. If I had won the lottery, I would have travelled to Japan. If she hadn’t called us, she wouldn’t have gone. If + past perfect … + would have + verb (3rd form)

Note: the order of the sentences may change!

Example: I would have gone to the beach if it hadn’t rained.

Exercises: W23, n 5,6,7 and 8

Should

When to use? We use should/shouldn’t to express a recommendation or a piece of advice.

Structure and examples:

He is not feeling well. He should go to the doctor. I should go home. It’s late. She shouldn’t yell at anyone. It’s rude. should/shouldn’t + verb

Exercises: W16, n 2,3 and 4

Should have

When to use? We use should have/shouldn’t have to express regret or to criticize an action in the past.

Structure and examples:

He is not feeling well. He shouldn’t have eaten so much pizza. They should have bought some souvenirs. He shouldn’t have gone to the party. His father is furious. should have/shouldn’t have + verb (3rd form)

Exercises: Page 41 and W22, n 3 and 4

Vocabulary about Injuries and Illnesses

Exercises: Illnesses - page 32 and W16 n 1

                   Injuries – page 40 and W22 n 1

RP Review (part I) - N2

USED TO

We use ‘used to’ to talk about things that happened in the past – actions, habits or states – that no longer happen now.

Structure and examples:

I used to eat meat, but I became a vegetarian 3 years ago.

Did he use to play volleyball in school?

They didn’t use to reunite every Friday night.

EXERCISES ON PAGE W5, NUMBERS 7 AND 8

SIMPLE PAST X PRESENT PERFECT

SIMPLE PAST

We use the simple past to refer to definite time in the past (when we specify the time or how long) and usually with past time expressions such as yesterday, two weeks ago, last year, in 2004.

Structure and examples:

We met in a café yesterday.

Did we travel to Japan in 2004?

We didn’t watch the game yesterday.

PRESENT PERFECT

We use the present perfect to talk about time up to now: events that took place in the past, but which connect with the present. Another situation is that the time when the action happened isn’t relevant.

Structure and examples:

I haven’t eaten pizza this year.

Has she rehearsed for the last five months?

They’ve played in 4 championships.

NOTE: 

I/you/we/they + have + verb (3^rd form)

He/she/it + has + verb (3^rd form)

COMPARISON:

I did so many things today x I have done so many things today

The day ended and you’re about to sleep X It emphasizes how tired you’re and perhaps

                                                                                                that you still got things to do

EXERCISES ON PAGE: W11, NUMBERS 6,7 AND 8

PAST PERFECT

When we talk about something that happened in the past, we sometimes want to refer back to something that happened before that time.

SITUATION: 

John left the house at 7:30 yesterday morning. Steve rang John’s doorbell at 8:15 yesterday.

Structure and example of the use of the Past Perfect: 

Steve rang John’s doorbell at 8:15 yesterday, but John had already left the house.

EXERCISES ON PAGE W10, NUMBERS 2,3,4 AND 5

VOCABULARY ABOUT EDUCATION

PAGE W4, exercises 1 and 2